Deep sky astrophotography is possible with the use of modern digital cameras. Learn how your astrophotography camera can perform deep sky imaging today Die berlagerung oder Verschmelzung von Reihenaufnahmen kann Resultate in einer Qualitt bringen, welche die zugrundeliegenden Einzelbilder jeweils fr sich. Astrostack. Astrophotography Camera How to Image the Sky. Consumer point and shoot digital cameras costing under 3. What makes a astrophotography camera so attractive is their versatility, ease of use, capability of recording color images in a single shot, their high resolution, and the elimination of film and processing expenses. Deep sky astrophotography is now more tangible and at a more affordable price point for amateurs to enjoy than ever before Whats more, digital, cameras can also be used for regular daytime photography. This is not the case with expensive astronomical CCD cameras, which are really single purpose units. Practically anyone can now capture close up views of the Moon and bright planets, often achieving better results than with a 3. All you have to do is hold the camera up to the telescope eyepiece or attach it directly to the eyepiece with a homemade or commercial bracket, aim, focus, and shoot. You get instant results and can just delete the bloopers. For basic, wide field shots of constellations and planet conjunctions, you dont even need a telescope just a camera capable of making exposures up to about 8 to 1. Since all the controls are on the camera itself, you dont need a computer in the field. Your home computer is used later to sort, process, and archive the images. In another article, I covered the basics of how to image the Sun, Moon, and planets bright targets through a telescope with a digital, astrophotography camera. This article looks at ways advanced amateurs can record dim star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies as part of getting started in deep sky astrophotography. Overcoming Electronic Noise. Because of their inherent dimness, deep sky objects require exposures of up to several minutes. For photographic films and astronomical CCD cameras, this is not a problem. But in a digital camera designed mainly for daytime use, the maximum useful exposure time is just a few seconds before electronic noise sets in, degrading the image. Unlike astronomical CCD cameras, digital cameras dont have a built in active cooling system. Cooling is essential for minimizing the noise generated in the cameras electronics. You need a way to keep a digital camera relatively cool in order to increase its exposure time and therefore, enhance its sensitivity to faint objects and its overall image quality. The frigid ambient air of winter cools a digital, astrophotography camera naturally. During warm summer nights, however, images are often riddled with hot pixels and noise artifacts, so image processing at the computer is a must for long exposures. At ambient temperatures above 3. Fahrenheit, or 0 Celsius, noise builds up quickly, notes Arpad Kovacsy, who has imaged with a Coolpix 9. Astro Physics refractor from his light polluted home in suburban Washington, D. C. One simple way to partly compensate for this effect is to turn off the camera between exposures to allow it to cool down. My dark frame sequence below demonstrates how rapidly noise builds up in consecutive shots, and how turning off the camera mitigates this problem somewhat. Kovacsys first image, taken at an ambient temperature of 6. F, is nearly free of noise. The 1. 0th consecutive image is the worst. Turning off the camera for 1. Note how even the 1. F has less noise than the second image taken at 6. Sat17_11_01deconv.jpg' alt='Astrostack 3' title='Astrostack 3' />F, he adds. Based on my trials, temperatures of 3. F or below work best when taking minute long exposures with the Coolpix 9. Another Approach of Using an Astrophotography Camera. Pennsylvania astro imager Gary Honis uses a different approach to image deep sky objects with his Olympus C 2. Z and C 2. 02. 0 Z cameras and 2. Starmaster Dobsonian reflector, which is equipped with a tracking system. Although his cameras are limited to maximum exposure times of 3. Imaging relatively bright deep sky objects such as globular clusters is a piece of cake for Honis. In fact, a single 1. For dim clusters, stacking several images can help improve the image. For dimmer galaxies or nebulae, the exposure limit becomes a problem, even with a large aperture. I need to stack multiple exposures to improve the results. To assist in the cameras cooling, Honis attached a small computer fan to his C 2. Astrostack 3' title='Astrostack 3' />Astronomy Software. In astronomy, there is a wide variety of software. In most cases, there are many different versions of software that do a particular thing. Astrostack 3' title='Astrostack 3' />Z camera. This involved taking the camera housing apart, removing the tripod mount socket to create an opening, and mounting a 1. DC fan over the opening to force air into the camera body, he explains. The results are dramatic. Heat generated by the electronics is quickly pumped out of the camera. On freezing nights I can do practically noise free, single shot deep sky imaging with a 2 megapixel 3. Honis describes a complete, step by step procedure on how to disassemble a C 2. Z. He and other astroimagers are experimenting with adding thermoelectric cooling to the digital cameras CCD detector. Thermoelectric cooling systems are currently used in many astronomical CCD cameras. Bear in mind that modifying your camera will void its warranty, so proceed at your own risk. Failure to take proper precautions can result in permanent damage to the cameras sensitive electronics andor optics. Astrostack 3' title='Astrostack 3' />Moltissimi dei seguenti programmi sono freeware, qualcuno shareware, mentre pochi sono demo. Non si assume nessuna responsabilit sul loro Download, funzionamento. A popular cooled camera controlimage process softwar. QHY8,QHY8L,QHY9,QHY10,QHY12 directly Supported. Other QHYCCD camera can be supported via ASCOM. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Easily share your publications and get. Две важнейшие черты, присущие чрным дырам это наличие горизонта событий и сингулярности. Taking astro video is for more than just instant replay. Use your camcorder to capture views of the Sun, Moon and planets. After disassembly and reassembly my camera functioned properly, but your camera may not, warns Honis. How deep can such an air cooled camera setup go By stacking multiple exposures, the bright galaxies are not a problem, he says, and I can crudely image very faint objects such as the Horsehead Nebula. Imaging Tips and Techniques. Focusing in deep sky astrophotography can be a challenge, since deep sky objects are too dim to show on a cameras built in LCD viewfinder. Moreover, the typical viewfinder is too small for reliable, accurate focusing. To achieve precise focus many astro imagers point the telescope to a nearby bright star and focus on it with the astrophotography cameras focus fixed at infinity and its digital zoom set at maximum. They also set the astrophotography cameras ISO rating to a high value say, 8. Alternatively, if your camera has a video output, you can attach an external monitor or TV to increase your focusing accuracy. After focusing, the ISO and zoom settings are switched back to desired values but watch out on some low end cameras the zoom changes the focus slightly. Then the telescope is slewed to the target object. To do this you may need to remove the astrophotography camera, center the target visually in the eyepiece without touching the focus, reattach the astrophotography camera, and shoot. Some imagers take a series of test shots for centering and composing the picture. Full Trek there. Many of todays types of telescope drives are accurate enough for you to make exposures up to a minute long without guiding. Generally, fast instruments with short focal lengths produce the best results and are more forgiving of errors in tracking and polar alignment. The astrophotography cameras LCD viewfinder should be used only for focusing and composing it should remain off the rest of the time to prevent heavy drain on the batteries, which adds to the heat generated within the astrophotography camera. Subtracting dark frames is very helpful for removing hot pixels and other artifacts. Astrostack 3' title='Astrostack 3' />Nikons Coolpix 9. Canons Power. Shot G2, and others have built in noise reduction functions that automatically take a second exposure the dark frame with the shutter closed and use it for processing the original image.